The Solaris OE consists of a hierarchy of critical system directories and files that are necessary for the operating system to function properly. The following is a list of some of the critical system directories and subdirectories that are found in the Solaris OE.
Wednesday
Important System Directories in Sun Solaris 9
Thursday
OCA/OCP Brain Questions on SQL,PL/SQL-II
31. You need to remove the database trigger BUSINESS_HOUR . Which command do you use to remove the trigger in the SQL *Plus environment?
A. DROP TRIGGER business_hour;
B. DELETE TRIGGER business_hour;
C. REMOVE TRIGGER business_hour;
D. ALTER TRIGGER business_hour REMOVE;
E. DELETE FROM USER_TRIGGERS WHERE TRIGGER_NAME = .BUSINESS_HOUR .;
Answer(s) A
32. A CALL statement inside the trigger body enables you to call _____.
A. A package.
B. A stored function.
C. A stored procedure.
D. Another database trigger.
Answer(s) C
33. You are about to change the arguments of the CALC_TEAM_AVG function. Which dictionary view can you query to determine the names of the procedures and functions that invoke the CALC_TEAM_AVG function?
A. USER_PROC_DEPENDS
B. USER_DEPENDENCIES
C. USER_REFERENCES
D. USER_SOURCE
Answer(s) B
34. You create a DML trigger. For the timing information, which is valid with a DML trigger?
A. DURING
B. INSTEAD OF
C. ON SHUTDOWN
D. BEFORE
E. ON STATEMENT EXECUTION
Answer(s) B
35. Which type of argument passes a value from a procedure to the calling environment?
A. VARCHAR2
B. BOOLEAN
C. OUT
D. IN
Answer(s) C
36. You want to create a PL/SQL block of code that calculates discounts on customer orders. This code will be invoked from several places, but only within the program unit ORDERTOTAL. What is the most appropriate location to store the code that calculates the discounts?
A. A stored procedure on the server.
B. A block of code in a PL/SQL library.
C. A standalone procedure on the client machine.
D. A block of code in the body of the program unit ORDERTOTAL.
E. A local subprogram defined within the program unit ORDERTOTAL.
Answer(s) A
37. Which statement about triggers is true?
A. You use an application trigger to fire when a DELETE statement occurs.
B. You use a database trigger to fire when an INSERT statement occurs.
C. You use a system event trigger to fire when an UPDATE statement occurs.
D. You use INSTEAD OF trigger to fire when a SELECT statement occurs.
Answer(s) B
38. Examine this procedure:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE ADD_PLAYER (V_ID IN NUMBER, V_LAST_NAME VARCHAR2) IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO PLAYER (ID,LAST_NAME) VALUES (V_ID, V_LAST_NAME);
COMMIT;
END;
This procedure must invoke the APD_BAT_STAT procedure and pass a parameter. Which statement, when added to the above procedure will successfully invoke the UPD_BAT_STAT procedure?
A. EXECUTE UPD_BAT_STAT(V_ID);
B. UPD_BAT_STAT(V_ID);
C. RUN UPD_BAT_STAT(V_ID);
D. START UPD_BAT_STAT(V_ID);
Answer(s) B
39. Which four triggering events can cause a trigger to fire? (Choose four)
A. A specific error or any errors occurs.
B. A database is shut down or started up.
C. A specific user or any user logs on or off.
D. A user executes a CREATE or an ALTER table statement.
E. A user executes a SELECT statement with an ORDER BY clause.
F. A user executes a JOIN statement that uses four or more tables.
Answer(s) A,B,C,D
40. When creating a function in SQL *Plus, you receive this message: .Warning: Function created with compilation errors..
Which command can you issue to see the actual error message?
A. SHOW FUNCTION_ERROR
B. SHOW USER_ERRORS
C. SHOW ERRORS
D. SHOW ALL_ERRORS
Answer(s) C
41. There is a CUSTOMER table in a schema that has a public synonym CUSTOMER and you are granted all object privileges on it. You have a procedure PROCESS_CUSTOMER that processes customer information that is in the public synonym CUSTOMER table. You have just created a new table called CUSTOMER within your schema. Which statement is true?
A. Creating the table has no effect and procedure PROCESS_CUSTOMER still accesses data from public synonym CUSTOMER table.
B. If the structure of your CUSTOMER table is the same as the public synonym CUSTOMER table then the procedure PROCESS_CUSTOMER is invalidated and gives compilation errors.
C. If the structure of your CUSTOMER table is entirely different from the public synonym CUSTOMER table then the procedure PROCESS_CUSTOMER successfully recompiles and accesses your CUSTOMER table.
D. If the structure of your CUSTOMER table is the same as the public synonym CUSTOMER table then the procedure PROCESS_CUSTOMER successfully recompiles when invoked and accesses your CUSTOMER table.
Answer(s) D
42. Examine this package:
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BB_PACK IS
V_MAX_TEAM_SALARY NUMBER(12,2);
PROCEDURE ADD_PLAYER(V_ID IN NUMBER, V_LAST_NAME VARCHAR2, V_SALARY_NUMBER;
END BB_PACK;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY BB_PACK IS
PROCEDURE UPD_PLAYER_STAT (V_ID IN NUMBER, V_AB IN
NUMBER DEFAULT 4, V_HITS IN NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE PLAYER_BAT_STAT SET AT_BATS = AT_BATS + V_AB,
HITS = HITS + V_HITS WHERE PLAYER_ID = V_ID)
COMMIT;
END UPD_PLAYER_STAT;
PROCEDURE ADD_PLAYER (V_ID IN NUMBER, V_LAST_NAME
VARCHAR2, V_SALARY NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO PLAYER(ID,LAST_NAME,SALARY) VALUES
(V_ID, V_LAST_NAME, V_SALARY);
UPD_PLAYER_STAT(V_ID,0.0);
END ADD_PLAYER;
END BB_PACK;
Which statement will successfully assign $75,000,000 to the
V_MAX_TEAM_SALARY variable from within a stand-alone procedure?
A. V_MAX_TEAM_SALARY := 7500000;
B. BB_PACK.ADD_PLAYER.V_MAX_TEAM_SALARY := 75000000;
C. BB_PACK.V_MAX_TEAM_SALARY := 75000000;
D. This variable cannot be assigned a value from outside the package.
Answer(s) C
43. Examine this code:
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER update_emp AFTER UPDATE ON emp
BEGIN
INSERT INTO audit_table (who, dated) VALUES (USER, SYSDATE);
END;
You issue an UPDATE command in the EMP table that results in changing 10 rows.
How many rows are inserted into the AUDIT_TABLE ?
A. 1
B. 10
C. None
D. A value equal to the number of rows in the EMP table.
Answer(s) A
44. Examine this package:
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE discounts IS
g_id NUMBER := 7829;
discount_rate NUMBER := 0.00;
PROCEDURE display_price (p_price NUMBER);
END discounts;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY discounts IS
PROCEDURE display_price (p_price NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE( .Discounted .|| TO_CHAR(p_price*NVL(discount_rate, 1)));
END display_price;
BEGIN
discount_rate :=0.10;
END discounts;
/
Which statement is true?
A. The value of DISCOUNT_RATE always remains 0.00 in a session.
B. The value of DISCOUNT_RATE is set to 0.10 each time the package is invoked in a session.
C. The value of DISCOUNT_RATE is set to 1.00 each time the procedure DISPLAY_PRICE is invoked.
D. The value of DISCOUNT_RATE is set to 0.10 when the package is invoked for the first time in a session.
Answer(s) D
45. Examine this code:
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER secure_emp BEFORE LOGON ON employees
BEGIN
IF (TO_CHAR(SYSDATE, .DY.) IN ( .SAT., .SUN.)) OR
(TO_CHAR(SYSDATE, .HH24:MI .) NOT BETWEEN .08:00 AND .18:00 )THEN RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR (-20500, .You may insert into the EMPLOYEES table only
during business hours. .);
END IF;
END;
What type of trigger is it?
A. DML trigger
B. INSTEAD OF trigger
C. Application trigger
D. System event trigger
E. This is an invalid trigger.
Answer(s) D
46. Which table should you query to determine when your procedure was last compiled?
A. USER_PROCEDURES
B. USER_PROCS
C. USER_OBJECTS
D. USER_PLSQL_UNITS
Answer(s) C
47. Examine this code:
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION gen_email_name (p_first_name VARCHAR2, p_last_name VARCHAR2, p_id NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2 is
v_email_name VARCHAR2(19);
BEGIN
v_email_home := SUBSTR(p_first_name, 1, 1) || SUBSTR(p_last_name, 1, 7) ||.@Oracle.com .;
UPDATE employees SET email = v_email_name
WHERE employee_id = p_id;
RETURN v_email_name;
END;
You run this SELECT statement:
SELECT first_name, last_name gen_email_name(first_name, last_name, 108) EMAIL FROM employees;
What occurs?
A. Employee 108 has his email name updated based on the return result of the function.
B. The statement fails because functions called from SQL expressions cannot perform DML.
C. The statement fails because the functions does not contain code to end the transaction.
D. The SQL statement executes successfully, because UPDATE and DELETE statements are ignoring in stored functions called from SQL Expressions.
E. The SQL statement executes successfully and control is passed to the calling environment.
Answer(s) B
48. What part of a database trigger determines the number of times the trigger body executes?
A. Trigger type
B. Trigger body
C. Trigger event
D. Trigger timing
Answer(s) C
49. What happens during the execute phase with dynamic SQL for INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE operations?
A. The rows are selected and ordered.
B. The validity of the SQL statement is established.
C. An area of memory is established to process the SQL statement.
D. The SQL statement is run and the number of rows processed is returned.
E. The area of memory established to process the SQL statement is released.
Answer(s) D
50. Given a function CALCTAX :
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION calc tax (sal NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
BEGIN
RETURN (sal * 0.05);
END;
If you want to run the above function from the SQL *Plus prompt,
which statement is true?
A. You need to execute the command CALCTAX(1000); .
B. You need to execute the command EXECUTE FUNCTION calc tax; .
C. You need to create a SQL *Plus environment variable X and issue the command
:X := CALCTAX(1000); .
D. You need to create a SQL *Plus environment variable X and issue the command
EXECUTE :X := CALCTAX;
E. You need to create a SQL *Plus environment variable X and issue the command
EXECUTE :X := CALCTAX(1000);
Answer(s) E
51. Which two dictionary views track dependencies? (Choose two)
A. USER_SOURCE
B. UTL_DEPTREE
C. USER_OBJECTS
D. DEPTREE_TEMPTAB
E. USER_DEPENDENCIES
F. DBA_DEPENDENT_OBJECTS
Answer(s) D,E
52. Which statements are true? (Choose all that apply)
A. If errors occur during the compilation of a trigger, the trigger is still created.
B. If errors occur during the compilation of a trigger you can go into SQL *Plus and query the USER_TRIGGERS data dictionary view to see the compilation errors.
C. If errors occur during the compilation of a trigger you can use the SHOW ERRORS command within iSQL *Plus to see the compilation errors.
D. If errors occur during the compilation of a trigger you can go into SQL *Plus and query the USER_ERRORS data dictionary view to see compilation errors.
Answer(s) A, C,D
53. You need to create a trigger on the EMP table that monitors every row that is changed and places this information into the AUDIT_TABLE . What type of trigger do you create?
A. FOR EACH ROW trigger on the EMP table.
B. Statement-level trigger on the EMP table.
C. FOR EACH ROW trigger on the AUDIT_TABLE table.
D. Statement-level trigger on the AUDIT_TABLE table.
E. FOR EACH ROW statement-level trigger on the EMP table.
Answer(s) A
54. Examine this package:
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BB:PACK IS
V_MAX_TEAM:SALAR NUMBER(12,2);
PROCEDURE ADD_PLAYER(V_ID IN NUMBER, V_LAST_NAME VARCHAR2,
V_SALARY NUMBER);
END BB_PACK;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY BB_PACK IS
PROCEDURE UPD_PLAYER_STAT (V_ID IN NUMBER, V_AB IN NUMBER DEFAULT 4, V_HITS IN NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE PLAYER_BAT_STAT SET AT_BATS = AT_BATS + V_AB,
HITS = HITS + V_HITS
WHERE PLAYER_ID = V_ID;
COMMIT;
END UPD_PLAYER_STAT;
PROCEDURE ADD_PLAYER (V_ID IN NUMBER, V_LAST_NAME VARCHAR2, V_SALARY NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO PLAYER(ID,LAST_NAME,SALARY) VALUES
(V_ID, V_LAST_NAME, V_SALARY);
UPD_PLAYER_STAT(V_ID,0,0);
END ADD_PLAYER;
END BB_PACK;
You make a change to the body of the BB_PACK package. The BB_PACK body is recompiled.
What happens if the stand-alone procedure VALIDATE_PLAYER_STAT references this package?
A. VALIDATE_PLAYER_STAT cannot recompile and must be recreated.
B. VALIDATE_PLAYER_STAT is not invalidated.
C. VALDIATE_PLAYER_STAT is invalidated.
D. VALIDATE_PLAYER_STAT and BB_PACK are invalidated.
Answer(s) B
55. Which statement is valid when removing procedures?
A. Use a drop procedure statement to drop a standalone procedure.
B. Use a drop procedure statement to drop a procedure that is part of a package. Then recompile the package specification.
C. Use a drop procedure statement to drop a procedure that is part of a package. Then recompile the package body.
D. For faster removal and re-creation, do not use a drop procedure statement. Instead, recompile the procedure using the alter procedure statement with the REUSE SETTINGS clause.
Answer(s) A
56. Examine this code:
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE bonus IS
g_max_bonus NUMBER := .99;
FUNCTION calc_bonus (p_emp_id NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER;
FUNCTION calc_salary (p_emp_id NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER;
END;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY bonus IS
v_salary employees.salary%TYPE;
v_bonusemployees.commission_pct%TYPE;
FUNCTION calc_bonus (p_emp_id NUMBER)RETURN NUMBER IS
BEGIN
SELECT salary, commission_pct INTO v_salary, v_bonus
FROM employees WHERE employee_id = p_emp_id;
RETURN v_bonus * v_salary;
END calc_bonus
FUNCTION calc_salary (p_emp_id NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
BEGIN
SELECT salary, commission_pct INTO v_salary, v_bonus
FROM employees WHERE employees
RETURN v_bonus * v_salary + v_salary;
END cacl_salary;
END bonus;
/
Which statement is true?
A. You can call the BONUS.CALC_SALARY packaged function from an INSERT command against the EMPLOYEES table.
B. You can call the BONUS.CALC_SALARY packaged function from a SELECT command against the EMPLOYEES table.
C. You can call the BONUS.CALC_SALARY packaged function form a DELETE command against the EMPLOYEES table.
D. You can call the BONUS.CALC_SALARY packaged function from an UPDATE command against the EMPLOYEES table.
Answer(s) B
57. Which code can you use to ensure that the salary is not increased by more than 10% at a time nor is it ever decreased?
A. ALTER TABLE emp ADD CONSTRAINT ck_sal CHECK (sal BETWEEN sal AND sal*1.1);
B. CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER check_sal BEFORE UPDATE OF sal ON emp FOR EACH ROW WHEN (new.sal < old.sal OR new.sal > old.sal * 1.1)
BEGIN RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR ( - 20508, .
Do not decrease salary not increase by more than 10% );
END;
C. CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER check_sal BEFORE UPDATE OF sal ON emp WHEN (new.sal < old.sal OR new.sal > old.sal * 1.1)
BEGIN RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR ( - 20508, .Do not decrease salary not increase by more than 10% ); END;
D. CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER check_sal AFTER UPDATE OR sal ON emp WHEN (new.sal < old.sal OR -new.sal > old.sal * 1.1)
BEGIN RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR ( - 20508, .Do not decrease salary not increase by more than 10% );
END;
Answer(s) B
58. Which two statements describe the state of a package variable after executing the package in which it is declared? (Choose two)
A. It persists across transactions within a session.
B. It persists from session to session for the same user.
C. It does not persist across transaction within a session.
D. It persists from user to user when the package is invoked.
E. It does not persist from session to session for the same user.
Answer(s) A,E
59. Which two programming constructs can be grouped within a package? (Choose two)
A. Cursor
B. Constant
C. Trigger
D. Sequence
E. View
Answer(s) A,B
60. Which two statements about packages are true? (Choose two)
A. Packages can be nested.
B. You can pass parameters to packages.
C. A package is loaded into memory each time it is invoked.
D. The contents of packages can be shared by many applications.
E. You can achieve information hiding by making package constructs private.
Answer(s) D,E
61. Examine this code:
CREATE OR REPLACE PRODECURE add_dept (p_dept_name VARCHAR2
DEFAULT .placeholder ., p_location VARCHAR2 DEFAULT .Boston .)
IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO departments VALUES
(dept_id_seq.NEXTVAL, p_dept_name,
p_location);
END add_dept;
/
Which three are valid calls to the add_dep procedure ? (Choose three)
A. add_dept;
B. add_dept( .Accounting .);
C. add_dept(, .New York .);
D. add_dept(p_location=> .New York .);
Answer(s) A,B,D
62. You have created a stored procedure DELETE_TEMP_TABLE that uses dynamic SQL to remove a table in your schema. You have granted the EXECUTE privilege to user A on this procedure. When user A executes the DELETE_TEMP_TABLE procedure, under whose privileges are the operations performed by default?
A. SYS privileges
B. Your privileges
C. Public privileges
D. User A.s privileges
E. User A cannot execute your procedure that has dynamic SQL.
Answer(s) D
63. Which three are true statements about dependent objects? (Choose three)
A. Invalid objects cannot be described.
B. An object with status of invalid cannot be a referenced object.
C. The Oracle server automatically records dependencies among objects.
D. All schema objects have a status that is recorded in the data dictionary.
E. You can view whether an object is valid or invalid in the USER_STATUS data dictionary view.
F. You can view whether an object is valid or invalid in the USER_OBJECTS data dictionary view.
Answer(s) C,D,F
64. Examine this function:
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION CALC_PLAYER_AVG (V_ID in
PLAYER_BAT_STAT.PLAYER_ID%TYPE) RETURN NUMBER IS
V_AVG NUMBER;
BEGIN SELECT HITS / AT_BATS INTO V_AVG FROM PLAYER_BAT_STAT
WHERE PLAYER_ID = V_ID;
RETURN (V_AVG);
END;
Which statement will successfully invoke this function in SQL *Plus?
A. SELECT CALC_PLAYER_AVG(PLAYER_ID) FROM PLAYER_BAT_STAT;
B. EXECUTE CALC_PLAYER_AVG(31);
C. CALC_PLAYER(.RUTH.);
D. CALC_PLAYER_AVG(31);
E. START CALC_PLAYER_AVG(31)
Answer(s) A
Monday
OCA/OCP Brain Dump Questions on SQL,PL/SQL
1. Examine this procedure:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE DELETE_PLAYER (V_IDIN NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
DELETE FROM PLAYER WHERE ID = V_ID
EXCEPTION WHEN STATS_EXITS_EXCEPTION THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE (Cannot Delete this player, child records exist in PLAYER_BAT_STAT table);
END;
What prevents this procedure from being created successfully?
A. A comma has been left after the STATS_EXI ST_EXCEPTI ON exception.
B. The STATS_EXIST_EXCEPTI ON has not been declared as a number.
C. The STATS_EXIST_EXCEPTI ON has not been declared as an exception.
D. Only predefined exceptions are allowed in the EXCEPTI ON section.
Answer(s) C
2. Under which two circumstances do you design database triggers? (Choose two)
A. To duplicate the functionality of other triggers.
B. To replicate built-in constraints in the Oracle server such as primary key and foreign key.
C. To guarantee that when a specific operation is performed, related actions are performed.
D. For centralized, global operations that should be fired for the triggering statement, regardless of which user or application issues the statement.
Answer(s) C,D
3. Local procedure A calls remote procedure B. Procedure B was compiled at 8 A.M. Procedure A was modified and recompiled at 9 A.M. Remote procedure B was later modified and recompiled at 11 A.M. The dependency mode is set to TI MESTAMP. What happens when procedure A is invoked at 1 P.M?
A. There is no affect on procedure A and it runs successfully.
B. Procedure B is invalidated and recompiles when invoked.
C. Procedure A is invalidated and recompiles for the first time it is invoked.
D. Procedure A is invalidated and recompiles for the second time it is invoked.
Answer(s) D
4. What is a condition predicate in a DML trigger?
A. A conditional predicate allows you to specify a WHEN-LOGGING-ON condition in the trigger body.
B. A conditional predicate means you use the NEW and OLD qualifiers in the trigger body as a condition.
C. A conditional predicate allows you to combine several DBM triggering events into one in the trigger body.
D. A conditional predicate allows you to specify a SHUTDOWN or STARTUP condition in the trigger body.
Answer(s) C You choose correct
5. This statement fails when executed:
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER CALC_TEAM_AVG AFTER INSERT ON PLAYER
BEGIN
INSERT INTO PLAYER_BATSTAT (PLAYER_ID, SEASON_YEAR, AT_BATS,
HITS) VALUES (:NEW.ID, 1997, 0, 0) ;
END;
To which type must you convert the trigger to correct the error?
A. Row
B. Statement
C. ORACLE FORM trigger
D. Be f o r e
Answer(s) A
6. An internal LOB is _____.
A. A table.
B. A column that is a primary key.
C. Stored in the database.
D. A file stored outside of the database, with an internal pointer to it from a database
column.
Answer(s) C
7. You need to disable all triggers on the EMPLOYEES table. Which command accomplishes this?
A. None of these commands; you cannot disable multiple triggers on a table in one command.
B. ALTER TRI GGERS ON TABLE e mp l o y e e s DI SABLE;
C. ALTER e mp l o y e e s DI SABLE ALL TRI GGERS;
D. ALTER TABLE employees DISABLE ALL TRIGGERS;
Answer(s) D
8. You have a row level BEFORE UPDATE trigger on the EMP table. This trigger contains a SELECT statement on the EMP table to ensure that the new salary value falls within the minimum and maximum salary for a given job title. What happens when you try to update a salary value in the EMP table?
A. The trigger fires successfully.
B. The trigger fails because it needs to be a row level AFTER UPDATE trigger.
C. The trigger fails because a SELECT statement on the table being updated is not allowed.
D. The trigger fails because you cannot use the minimum and maximum functions in a
BEFORE UPDATE trigger.
Answer(s) C
9. You need to implement a virtual private database (vpd). In order to have the vpd functionality, a trigger is required to fire when every user initiates a session in the database. What type of trigger needs to be created?
A. DML trigger
B. System event trigger
C. INSTEAD OF trigger
D. Application trigger
Answer(s) B
10. Which two program declarations are correct for a stored program unit? (Choose two)
A. CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION tax_amt (p_id NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER
B. CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE tax_amt (p_id NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER
C. CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE tax_amt (p_id NUMBER, p_amount OUT NUMBER)
D. CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION tax_amt (p_id NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER(10,2)
E. CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE tax_amt (p_id NUMBER, p_amount OUT NUMBER(10, 2))
Answer(s) a,c
11. The creation of which four database objects will cause a DDL trigger to fire? (Choose four)
A. Index
B. Cluster
C. Package
D. Function
E. Synonyms
F. Dimensions
G. Database links
Answer(s) ABCD
12. Examine this code:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE insert_dept (p_location_id NUMBER) IS
v_dept_id NUMBER(4);
BEGIN
INSERT INTO departments VALUES
(5, .Education., 150, p_location_id);
SELECT department_id INTO v_dept_id FROM employees
WHERE employee_id=99999;
END insert_dept;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE insert_location ( p_location_id NUMBER, p_city VARCHAR2) IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO locations(location_id, city) VALUES
(p_location_id, p_city);
insert_dept(p_location_id);
END insert_location;
/
You just created the departments, the locations, and the employees table. You did not insert any rows. Next you created both procedures. You new invoke the insert_location procedure using the following command:
EXECUTE insert_location (19, .San Francisco .) What is the result in this EXECUTE command?
A. The locations, departments, and employees tables are empty.
B. The departments table has one row. The locations and the employees tables are empty.
C. The location table has one row. The departments and the employees tables are empty.
D. The locations table and the departments table both have one row. The employees table is empty.
Answer(s) D
13. What is true about stored procedures?
A. A stored procedure uses the DELCLARE keyword in the procedure specification to declare formal parameters.
B. A stored procedure is named PL/SQL block with at least one parameter declaration in the procedure specification.
C. A stored procedure must have at least one executable statement in the procedure body.
D. A stored procedure uses the DECLARE keyword in the procedure body to declare formal parameters.
Answer(s) C
14. Examine the trigger:
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER Emp_count AFTER DELETE ON Emp_tab
FOR EACH ROW
DELCARE n INTEGER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO n FROM Emp_tab;
DMBS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE( ‘There are now’ || a || ‘employees’);
END;
This trigger results in an error after this SQL statement is entered: DELETE FROM Emp_tab WHERE Empno = 7499;
How do you correct the error?
A. Change the trigger type to a BEFORE DELETE.
B. Take out the COUNT function because it is not allowed in a trigger.
C. Remove the DBMS_OUTPUT statement because it is not allowed in a trigger.
D. Change the trigger to a statement-level trigger by removing FOR EACH ROW.
Answer(s) D
15. The OLD and NEW qualifiers can be used in which type of trigger?
A. Row level DML trigger
B. Row level system trigger
C. Statement level DML trigger
D. Row level application trigger
E. Statement level system trigger
F. Statement level application trigger
Answer(s) A
16. Which view displays indirect dependencies, indenting each dependency?
A. DEPTREE
B. IDEPTREE
C. INDENT_TREE
D. I_DEPT_TREE
Answer(s) B
17. Examine this code:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE audit_action (p_who VARCHAR2)AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO audit(schema_user) VALUES(p_who);
END audit_action;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER watch_it AFTER LOGON ON DATABASE
CALL audit_action(ora_login_user)
/
What does this trigger do?
A. The trigger records an audit trail when a user makes changes to the database.
B. The trigger marks the user as logged on to the database before an audit statement is issued.
C. The trigger invoked the procedure audit_action each time a user logs on to his/her schema and adds the username to the audit table.
D. The trigger invokes the procedure audit_action each time a user logs on to the database and adds the username to the audit table.
Answer(s) D
18. Examine this procedure:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE UPD_BAT_STAT (V_ID IN NUMBER DEFAULT 10, V_AB IN NUMBER DEFAULT 4) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE PLAYER_BAT_STAT SET AT_BATS = AT_BATS + V_AB
WHERE PLAYER_ID = V_ID;
COMMIT;
END;
Which two statements will successfully invoke this procedure in
SQL *Plus? (Choose two)
A. EXECUTE UPD_BAT_STAT;
B. EXECUTE UPD_BAT_STAT(V_AB=>10, V_ID=>31);
C. EXECUTE UPD_BAT_STAT(31, .FOUR., .TWO.);
D. UPD_BAT_STAT(V_AB=>10, V_ID=>31);
E. RUN UPD_BAT_STAT;
Answer(s) A,B
19. Examine this code:
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION gen_email_name (p_first_name VARCHAR2, p_last_name VARCHAR2, p_id NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
v_email_name VARCHAR2(19);
BEGIN
v_email_name := SUBSTR(p_first_name, 1, 1) ||
SUBSTR(p_last_name, 1, 7) || .@Oracle.com .;
UPDATE employees SET email = v_email_name
WHERE employee_id = p_id;
RETURN v_email_name;
END;
Which statement removes the function?
A. DROP gen_email_name;
B. REMOVE gen_email_name;
C. DELETE gen_email_name;
D. DROP FUNCTION gen_eamil_name;
Answer(s) D
20. Examine this code:
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE comm_package IS
g_comm NUMBER := 10;
PROCEDURE reset_comm(p_comm IN NUMBER);
END comm_package;
/
User Jones executes the following code at 9:01am:
EXECUTE comm_package.g_comm := 15
User Smith executes the following code at 9:05am:
EXECUTE comm_paclage.g_comm := 20
which statement is true?
A. g_ comm has a value of 15 at 9:06am for Smith.
B. g_ comm has a value of 15 at 9:06am for Jones.
C. g_comm has a value of 20 at 9:06am for both Jones and Smith.
D. g_comm has a value of 15 at 9:03 am for both Jones and Smith.
E. g_comm has a value of 10 at 9:06am for both Jones and Smith.
F. g_comm has a value of 10 at 9:03am for both Jones and Smith
Answer(s) B
21. Examine this package:
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BB_PACK IS
V_MAX_TEAM_SALARY NUMBER(12,2);
PROCEDURE ADD_PLAYER(V_ID IN NUMBER, V_LAST_NAME VARCHAR2, V_SALARY NUMBER);
END BB_PACK;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY BB_PACK IS
V_PLAYER_AVG NUMBER(4,3);
PROCEDURE UPD_PLAYER_STAT(V_ID IN NUMBER,
V_AB IN NUMBER DEFAULT 4, V_HITS IN NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE PLAYER_BAT_STAT SET AT_BATS = AT_BATS + V_AB, HITS = HITS + V_HITS
WHERE PLAYER_ID = V_ID;
COMMIT;
VALIDATE_PLAYER_STAT(V_ID);
END UPD_PLAYER_STAT;
PROCEDURE ADD_PLAYER (V_ID IN NUMBER, V_LAST_NAME VARCHAR2, V_SALARY NUMBER)IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO PLAYER(ID,LAST_NAME,SALARY) VALUES
(V_ID, V_LAST_NAME, V_SALARY);
UPD_PLAYER_STAT(V_ID,0,0);
END ADD_PLAYER;
END BB_PACK
/
Which statement will successfully assign .333 to the V_PLAYER_AVG variable from a procedure outside the package?
A. V_PLAYER_AVG := .333;
B. BB_PACK.UPD_PLAYER_STAT.V_PLAYER_AVG := .333;
C. BB_PACK.V_PLAYER_AVG := .333;
D. This variable cannot be assigned a value from outside of the package.
Answer(s) D
22. What can you do with the DBMS_LOB package?
A. Use the DBMS_LOB.WRITE procedure to write data to a BFILE.
B. Use the DBMS_LOB.BFILENAME function to locate an external BFILE.
C. Use the DBMS_LOB.FILEEXISTS function to find the location of a BFILE.
D. Use the DBMS_LOB.FILECLOSE procedure to close the file being accessed.
Answer(s) D
23. Examine this package:
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE manage_emps IS
tax_rate CONSTANT NUMBER(5,2) := .28;
v_id NUMBER;
PROCEDURE insert_emp (p_deptno NUMBER, p_sal NUMBER);
PROCEDURE delete_emp;
PROCEDURE update_emp;
FUNCTION calc_tax (p_sal NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER;
END manage_emps;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY manage_emps IS
PROCEDURE update_sal (p_raise_amt NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET sal = (sal * p_raise_emt) + sal
WHERE empno = v_id;
END;
PROCEDURE insert_emp (p_deptno NUMBER, p_sal NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO emp(empno, deptno, sal) VALYES
(v_id, p_depntno, p_sal);
END insert_emp;
PROCEDURE delete_emp IS
BEGIN
DELETE FROM emp WHERE empno = v_id;
END delete_emp;
PROCEDURE update_emp IS
v_sal NUMBER(10,2);
v_raise NUMBER(10, 2);
BEGIN
SELECT sal INTO v_sal FROM emp WHERE empno = v_id;
IF v_sal < 500 THEN v_raise := .05;
ELSIP v_sal < 1000 THEN v_raise := .07;
ELSE v_raise := .04;
END IF;
update_sal(v_raise);
END update_emp;
FUNCTION calc_tax (p_sal NUMBER)RETURN NUMBER IS
BEGIN
RETURN p_sal * tax_rate;
END calc_tax;
END manage_emps;
/
What is the name of the private procedure in this package?
A. CALC_TAX
B. INSERT_EMP
C. UPDATE_SAL
D. DELETE_EMP
E. UPDATE_EMP
F. MANAGE_EMPS
Answer(s) C
24. Which two dopes the INSTEAD OF clause in a trigger identify? (Choose two)
A. The view associated with the trigger.
B. The table associated with the trigger.
C. The event associated with the trigger.
D. The package associated with the trigger.
E. The statement level or for each row association to the trigger.
Answer(s) A,E
25. Which three are valid ways to minimize dependency failure? (Choose three)
A. Querying with the SELECT * notification.
B. Declaring variables with the %TYPE attribute.
C. Specifying schema names when referencing objects.
D. Declaring records by using the %ROWTYPE attribute.
E. Specifying package.procedure notation while executing procedures.
Answer(s) A,B,D
26. Examine this code:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE
add_dept ( p_name departments.department_name%TYPE DEFAULT ‘unknown‘, p_loc departments.location_id%TYPE DEFAULT 1700) IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO departments(department_id, department_name, loclation_id) VALUES (dept_seq.NEXTVAL,p_name, p_loc);
END add_dept;
/
You created the add_dept procedure above, and you now invoke the procedure in SQL *Plus. Which four are valid invocations? (Choose four)
A. EXECUTE add_dept(p_loc=>2500)
B. EXECUTE add_dept( ‘Education’, 2500)
C. EXECUTE add_dept( .2500 , p_loc =>2500)
D. EXECUTE add_dept(p_name=> ‘Education’, 2500)
E. EXECUTE add_dept(p_loc=>2500, p_name=> ‘Education’)
Answer(s) A, B, C,E
27. Which two describe a stored procedure? (Choose two)
A. A stored procedure is typically written in SQL.
B. A stored procedure is a named PL/SQL block that can accept parameters.
C. A stored procedure is a type of PL/SQL subprogram that performs an action.
D. A stored procedure has three parts: the specification, the body, and the exception handler part.
E. The executable section of a stored procedure contains statements that assigns values, control execution, and return values to the calling environment.
Answer(s) B,C
28. To be callable from a SQL expression, a user-defined function must do what?
A. Be stored only in the database.
B. Have both IN and OUT parameters.
C. Use the positional notation for parameters.
D. Return a BOOLEAN or VARCHAR2 data type.
Answer(s) A
29. Examine this procedure:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE INSERT_TEAM (V_ID in NUMBER,
V_CITY in VARCHAR2 DEFAULT ‘AUSTIN’, V_NAME in VARCHAR2) IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO TEAM (id, city, name) VALUES (v_id, v_city, v_name); COMMIT;
END
which two statements will successfully invoke this procedure in SQL *Plus? (Choose two)
A. EXECUTE INSERT_TEAM;
B. EXECUTE INSERT_TEAM(3, V_NAME=> ‘LONGHORNS’, V_CITY=> ‘AUSTIN’);
C. EXECUTE INSERT_TEAM(3, ‘AUSTIN’, ‘LONGHORNS’);
D. EXECUTE INSERT_TEAM (V_ID:= V_NAME:=‘LONGHORNS’, V_CITY := ‘AUSTIN’);
E. EXECUTE INSERT_TEAM (3, ‘LONGHORNS’);
Answer(s) B,C
30. How can you migrate from a LONG to a LOB data type for a column?
A. Use the DBMS_MANAGE_LOB.MIGRATE procedure.
B. Use the UTL_MANAGE_LOB.MIGRATE procedure.
C. Use the DBMS_LOB.MIGRATE procedure.
D. Use the ALTER TABLE command.
E. You cannot migrate from a LONG to a LOB date type for a column.
Answer(s) D
Wednesday
Informatica Mapping,Informatica Session Performance Tuning
When to optimize mappings
The best time in the development cycle is after system testing. Focus on mapping-level optimization only after optimizing the target and source databases.
Use Session Log to identify if the source, target or transformations are the performance bottleneck
The session log contains thread summary records:
MASTER> PETL_24018 Thread [READER_1_1_1] created for the read stage of
partition point [SQ_test_all_text_data] has completed: Total Run Time =
[11.703201] secs, Total Idle Time = [9.560945] secs, Busy Percentage =
[18.304876].
MASTER> PETL_24019 Thread [TRANSF_1_1_1_1] created for the transformation
stage of partition point [SQ_test_all_text_data] has completed: Total Run
Time = [11.764368] secs, Total Idle Time = [0.000000] secs, Busy Percentage
= [100.000000].
MASTER> PETL_24022 Thread [WRITER_1_1_1] created for the write stage of
partition point(s) [test_all_text_data1] has completed: Total Run Time =
[11.778229] secs, Total Idle Time = [8.889816] secs, Busy Percentage =
[24.523321].
If one thread has busy percentage close to 100% and the others have significantly lower value, the thread with the high busy percentage is the bottleneck. In the example above, the session is transformation bound
Identifying Target Bottlenecks
The most common performance bottleneck occurs when the Informatica Server writes to a target database. You can identify target bottlenecks by configuring the session to write to a flat file target. If the session performance increases significantly when you write to a flat file, you have
a target bottleneck.
Consider performing the following tasks to increase performance:
* Drop indexes and key constraints.
* Increase checkpoint intervals.
* Use bulk loading.
* Use external loading.
* Increase database network packet size.
* Optimize target databases.
Identifying Source Bottlenecks
If the session reads from relational source, you can use a filter transformation, a read test mapping, or a database query to identify source bottlenecks:
* Filter Transformation - measure the time taken to process a given amount of data, then add an always false filter transformation in the mapping after each source qualifier so that no data is processed past the filter transformation. You have a source bottleneck if the new session runs in about the same time.
* Read Test Session - compare the time taken to process a given set of data using the session with that for a session based on a copy of the mapping with all transformations after the source qualifier removed with the source qualifiers connected to file targets. You have a source bottleneck if the new session runs in about the same time.
* Extract the query from the session log and run it in a query tool. Measure the time taken to return the first row and the time to return all rows. If there is a significant difference in time, you can use an optimizer hint to eliminate the source bottleneck
Consider performing the following tasks to increase performance:
* Optimize the query.
* Use conditional filters.
* Increase database network packet size.
* Connect to Oracle databases using IPC protocol.
Identifying Mapping Bottlenecks
If you determine that you do not have a source bottleneck, add an Always False filter transformation in the mapping before each target definition so that no data is loaded into the target tables. If the time it takes to run the new session is the same as the original session, you have a mapping bottleneck.
You can also identify mapping bottlenecks by examining performance counters.
Readfromdisk and Writetodisk Counters: If a session contains Aggregator, Rank, or Joiner transformations, examine each Transformation_readfromdisk and Transformation_writetodisk counter. If these counters display any number other than zero, you can improve session performance by increasing the index and data cache sizes. Note that if the session uses Incremental Aggregation, the counters must be examined during the run, because the Informatica Server writes to disk when saving historical data at the end of the run.
Rowsinlookupcache Counter: A high value indicates a larger lookup, which is more likely to be a bottleneck
Errorrows Counters: If a session has large numbers in any of the Transformation_errorrows counters, you might improve performance by eliminating the errors.
BufferInput_efficiency and BufferOutput_efficiency counters: Any dramatic difference in a given set of BufferInput_efficiency and BufferOutput_efficiency counters indicates inefficiencies that may benefit from tuning.
To enable collection of performance data:
1. Set session property Collect Performance Data (on Performance tab)
2. Increase the size of the Load Manager Shared Memory by 200kb for each session in shared memory that you configure to create performance details. If you create performance details for all sessions, multiply the MaxSessions parameter by 200kb to calculate the additional shared memory requirements.
To view performance details in the Workflow Monitor:
1. While the session is running, right-click the session in the Workflow Monitor and choose Properties.
2. Click the Performance tab in the Properties dialog box.
To view the performance details file:
1. Locate the performance details file. The Informatica Server names the file session_name.perf, and stores it in the same directory as the session log.
2. Open the file in any text editor.
General Optimizations
Single-pass reading - instead of reading the same data several times, combine mappings that use the same set of source data and use a single source qualifier
Avoid unnecessary data conversions: For example, if your mapping moves data from an Integer column to a Decimal column, then back to an Integer column, the unnecessary data type conversion slows performance.
Factor out common expressions/transformations and perform them before data pipelines split
Optimize Char-Char and Char-Varchar Comparisons by using the Treat CHAR as CHAR On Read option in the Informatica Server setup so that the Informatica Server does not trim trailing spaces from the end of Char source fields.
Eliminate Transformation Errors (conversion errors, conflicting mapping logic, and any condition set up as an error, such as null input). In large numbers they restrict performance because for each one, the Informatica Server pauses to determine its cause, remove the row from the data flow and write it to the session log or bad file.
As a short term fix, reduce the tracing level on sessions that must generate large numbers of errors.
Optimize lookups
Cache lookups if
o the number of rows in the lookup table is significantly less than the typical number of source rows
o un-cached lookups perform poorly (e.g. they are based on a complex view or an unindexed table) Optimize Cached lookups
o Use a persistent cache if the lookup data is static
o Share caches if several lookups are based on the same data set
o Reduce the number of cached rows using a SQL override with a restriction
o Index the columns in the lookup ORDER BY
Courtesy : ItToolBox
Thursday
Increasing Informatica Server Performance
There are many factors that can affect session performance. Here are some of the reasons.
Before doing tuning that is specific to Informatica:
1. Slow disk access on source and target databases, source and target file systems, as well as the Informatica Server and repository machines can slow session performance.So check hard disks on related machines.
2. Slow network connections can slow session performance.Therefore Improve network speed.
3. Check the Informatica Server and related machines run on high performance CPUs.Check CPUs on related machines.
4. Configure physical memory for the Informatica Server to minimize disk I/O. (Configure the physical memory for the Informatica Server machine to minimize paging to disk.)
5. Optimize database configuration
6. Staging areas. If you use a staging area, you force the Informatica Server to perform multiple passes on your data. Where possible, remove staging areas to improve performance.
7. You can run multiple Informatica Servers on separate systems against the same repository. Distributing the session load to separate Informatica Server systems increases performance.
Informatica specific:
- Transformation tuning
- Using Caches
- Avoiding Lookups by using DECODE for smaller and frequently used tables
- Applying Filter at the earliest point in the data flow etc.
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